The pituitary gland is often referred to as the “master gland” of the body, since it regulates many activities of other endocrine glands. Located above the pituitary gland is the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus decides which hormones the pituitary should release by sending it either hormonal or electrical messages. In response to hormonal messages from the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland releases the following hormones: GH (growth hormone) – increases size of muscle and bone TSH (thyroid stimulating hormone) – stimulates the thyroid gland to release T3 and T4 to stimulate metabolism in other cells throughout the body FSH (follicle stimulating hormone) – stimulates ovarian follicle production in women; stimulates sperm production in men LH (luteinizing hormone) – stimulates ovaries to produce estrogen in women; stimulates sperm production in men Prolactin – stimulates breast tissue in nursing mothers to produce milk ACTH (adrenocorticotropic hormone) – causes the adrenal glands to produce important substances that have properties similar to steroids In response to electrical messages from the hypothalamus, the pituitary gland releases the following hormones: ADH (antidiuretic hormone) – stimulates the kidneys to reabsorb fluid and produce less urine Oxytocin – initiates labor, uterine contractions and milk ejection in mothers The pituitary gland, or hypophysis, is an endocrine gland about the size of a pea and weighing 0.5 grams (0.018 oz) in humans. It is a protrusion off the bottom of the hypothalamus at the base of the brain. The hypophysis rests upon the hypophysial fossa of the sphenoid bone in the center of the middle cranial fossa and is surrounded by a small bony cavity (sella turcica) covered by a dural fold (diaphragma sellae). The anterior pituitary (or adenohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that regulates several physiological processes (including stress, growth, reproduction, and lactation). The intermediate lobe synthesizes and secretes melanocyte-stimulating hormone. The posterior pituitary (or neurohypophysis) is a lobe of the gland that is functionally connected to the hypothalamus by the median eminence via a small tube called the pituitary stalk Hormones secreted from the pituitary gland help control the following body processes: Growth Blood pressure Some aspects of pregnancy and childbirth including stimulation of uterine contractions during childbirth Breast milk production Sex organ functions in both males and females Thyroid gland function The conversion of food into energy (metabolism) Water and osmolarity regulation in the body Water balance via the control of reabsorption of water by the kidneys Temperature regulation Pain relief Sleeping patterns (pineal gland) Some of the diseases involving the pituitary gland are: Central diabetes insipidus caused by a deficiency of vasopressin. Gigantism and acromegaly caused by an excess of growth hormone in childhood and adult respectively. Hypothyroidism caused by a deficiency of thyroid-stimulating hormone. Hyperpituitarism, the increased (hyper) secretion of one or more of the hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland. Hypopituitarism, the decreased (hypo) secretion of one or more of the hormones normally produced by the pituitary gland. Panhypopituitarism a decreased secretion of most of the pituitary hormones. Pituitary tumours. Pituitary adenomas, noncancerous tumors that occur in the pituitary gland. Somatotrophins: Human growth hormone (HGH), also referred to as ‘growth hormone’ (GH), and also as somatotropin, is released under the influence of hypothalamic growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH), and is inhibited by hypothalamic somatostatin Thyrotrophins: Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is released under the influence of hypothalamic thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH) and is inhibited by somatostatin. Corticotropins: Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), and Beta-endorphin are released under the influence of hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). Lactotrophins: Prolactin (PRL), also known as ‘Luteotropic’ hormone (LTH), Gonadotropins: Luteinizing hormone (also referred to as ‘Lutropin’ or ‘LH’). Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), both released under influence of Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone (GnRH) The intermediate lobe synthesizes and secretes the following important endocrine hormone: Melanocyte–stimulating hormone (MSH). This is also produced in the anterior lobe. When produced in the intermediate lobe, MSHs are sometimes called “intermedins”. Posterior: Magnocellular Neurons: Antidiuretic hormone (ADH, also known as vasopressin and arginine vasopressin AVP), the majority of which is released from the supraoptic nucleus in the hypothalamus. Oxytocin, most of which is released from the paraventricular nucleus in the hypothalamus.

How Does Pituitary Gland Work? Hormones of Hypophysis Functions & Disorders Animation -TSH FSH Video
- Post author:
- Post published:May 5, 2021
- Post category:Uncategorized
- Post comments:0 Comments
You Might Also Like

What is Genetic Engineering?

Skeletal System (Part 2)

Muscular Strength Asanas Video – 2

Badminton Video – 2

Sugar Free, Low Sugar Video – 29

Instructional Fitness – Shrugs Behind The Back

Bowen Therapy Video – 1

What is Water Circulation?

Killer Leg Toning Workouts You Can Do At Home – Short home workout routine

Ectomorph? Endomorph? Mesomorph? How To Train & Eat For YOUR Body Type

Exercises To Increase BMR

Study Says Steroid Abuse Can Become Addicting

Triceps Pulley Extension-2

BMI Calculation

What To Eat Before And After Your Workout To Maximize Fat Loss – With Thomas DeLauer

How to Read Nutrition Facts | Food Labels Made Easy

The Miracle in Human Brain

DXA Scan

Intermittent Fasting & Fasting Video – 2

Keto Diet, Keto Foods, Keto Recipes Video – 13

9 Foods To Avoid For High Blood Pressure

Internal organs of human body model

Dangers Of Elevated Liver Enzymes

Digestive System for Kids – How Digestion Works – human body parts for children

Fitness in Huntington Beach at Surf City Fit Club

Muscle Building Workout & Squats Video – 22

Shoulder Anatomy 101: Exercises and Functions of Your Shoulders (Traps, Deltoids, Rotator Cuff)

Gymnastics Video – 3

shrug exercise

Body Scrub And Body Wrap Video – 2

Movement Demo – Back Extensions

Angioplasty Procedure Animation Video.

Vitamin Supplements – To Use or Not to Use? (Hindi)

Cardiac surgery Video – 6

Muscle Definition Workout: Cutting Phase Tips

What happens inside your body when you get the fever?

What Is Vitamin B6? | Vitamins

What are proteins made up of?

Incline Bench Press-7

Anabolic androgenic steroids – physical side effects

Thyroid Gland: Thyroid Hormone Function
