Farid Saad, DVM, PhD, Bayer Pharma AG explained to MD Magazine, at ENDO 2017 that he and his team conducted an effectiveness and safety study nearly 13 years ago on a long acting testosterone injection launched in Germany. They observed several patients visiting a urology office in the north of Germany with various complaints who were screened for testosterone therapy. If a patient was testosterone deficient, he was offered testosterone therapy, but he was required to complete at least 1 year of continuous treatment before entering the registry. Saad learned that the men with type 1 diabetes did experience benefits of long-term testosterone therapy – they showed improvements in their underlying diseases. “We found, after many years of studying these patients, that these patients were continuously and progressively improving. For instance, the HP1C protein, which they measured routinely in the urology office, came down from a mean 7.9 to 5.9. They improved a lot,” Saad said.