Endocrine System The Human Endocrine System Endocrine System and the Central Nervous System Endocrine System and the Digestive System Endocrine System and the Reproductive System thymosin Endocrine System – Miscellaneous Endocrine System – Calcium Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Melatonin major endocrine glands Effect: Reproductive development and daily physiologic cycles Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Thymosin Gland System Effect: Promotes production and maturation of white blood cells Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Insulin Facts Endocrine thymosin hormone Endocrine Function Effect: Converts excess glucose into glycogen in the liver Hormone: Glucagon Effect: Converts glycogen back to glucose in the liver Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Estrogen Effect: Controls ovulation and secondary sexual characteristics Hormone: Progesterone Effect: Prepares the uterine lining to accept an embryo Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Growth hormone Effect: Controls growth of bones and muscles Hormone: Anti-Diuretic Hormone Effect: Increases re-absorption of water in kidneys Hormones: Gonadotropins Effect: Control development of ovaries and testes Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Thyroxine Effect: Controls rate of metabolism Controls rate that glucose is used in respiration Promotes growth Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Adrenaline Effect: Prepares the body for emergencies Increases heart rate, breathing rate, depth of breathing Raises blood glucose level Diverts blood from gut to skeletal muscles Major Endocrine Glands Hormone: Testosterone Effect: Controls sperm production and secondary sexual characteristics Negative Feedback Most endocrine secretions are controlled by negative feedback Secretion of a hormone is inhibited by the action that the hormone stimulates Sex Hormones – Female (1) Follicle-Stimulating Hormone – FSH (2) Luteinizing Hormone – LH (3) Progesterone (4) Estrogen (5) Hypothalamus (6) Pituitary gland (7) Ovary (8) Pregnancy – HCG (Human chorionic gonadotropin) (11) Prolactin – PRL Sex Hormones – Male (1) Follicle-Stimulating Hormone – FSH (2) Luteinizing Hormone – LH (5) Hypothalamus (6) Pituitary gland (9) Testosterone (10) Testicle (11) Prolactin – PRL